(MENAFN- Arab Times) Maya Plisetskaya, a star of Russia's Bolshoi ballet who overcame a legacy of Stalinist oppression to redefine her art and be feted as the greatest ballerina of her generation, has died in Germany aged 89. Plisetskaya died of a heart attack in Munich, Russian media reported on Saturday evening, citing the director of the Bolshoi theatre Vladimir Urin. Her death was "a huge loss not only for Russian culture, but also for the whole world of ballet", he told RIA news agency.
Plisetskaya had lived since 1991 in Munich, where she moved with her husband, composer Rodion Shedrin, following the collapse of the Soviet Union. In a career spanning six decades, she gained international fame for a fiery, emotional style that contrasted with the more demure performances traditionally expected of ballerinas. Under Joseph Stalin her family were branded "enemies of the people", her father falling victim in 1938 to one of the regime's bloody purges while her mother was sentenced to several years in a labour camp.
Humiliation
Plisetskaya was also disadvantaged by growing up Jewish at a time in the late 1940s and early 1950s when the Soviet leader was gripped with paranoia about imaginary 'Zionist' plots.
"Endless suffering and humiliation fill my memory," she wrote in her 2001 autobiography.
"What drove her past all obstacles and hazards were her unbending determination and her refusal to do things any way but her own," dance critic Robert Gottlieb wrote in the Los Angeles Times in 2001.
Plisetskaya was born in Moscow in 1925, spending part of her childhood in a Russian mining colony run by her engineer father on the barren Norwegian Arctic island of Spitsbergen.
She appears to have inherited her artistic talents from her mother's side. Her mother Rachel Messerer-Plisetskaya was a silent movie star while an aunt and uncle both danced for the Bolshoi.
Studying at the famous Moscow ballet school from the age of nine, she first danced for the Bolshoi at 11, joining it permanently in 1943 and becoming its lead ballerina in 1960.
Fearing that she might defect to the West, Soviet authorities banned Plisetskaya from travelling abroad until 1959, when Nikita Khrushchev lifted the travel ban in response to her growing popularity.
Khrushchev, who had rehabilitated Plisetskaya's parents along with thousands of other victims of Stalin, described her as "not only as the best ballerina in the Soviet Union, but the best in the world".
Movements
She joined a celebrated 1959 Bolshoi tour of the United States and Canada, performing as Odette-Odile in Tchaikovsky's masterpiece "Swan Lake", her signature role and which she later said she prepared for by studying the movements of actual swans in the park.
Plisetskaya stayed with the Bolshoi until her retirement in 1990, directing and teaching as well as dancing.
President Vladimir Putin expressed "deep, sincere condolences" at her death, the Kremlin said, while Boris Akimov, a star of the 1960s and 1970s who danced with Plisetskaya, told news agency Tass: "She was a ballerina from God."
Russia on Sunday mourned the death of Maya Plisetskaya, one of the greatest ballerinas of the 20th century who dazzled the world with her sensual performances and rare beauty.
Plisetskaya's free-wheeling spirit defied the limits of Soviet-era art.
Despite her advanced years, the Russian ballet icon had brimmed with energy and her death plunged the Bolshoi Theatre, where she had planned to celebrate her 90th birthday in November, into shock.
"Plisetskaya is forever," said the Bolshoi where Plisetskaya danced well into her 60s. "She was, she is and she will be."
Tributes for Plisetskaya known for her huge eyes, long legs and a flame of red hair, poured in from ballet greats and dance lovers from all over the world.
Embodiment
"The star of Maya Mikhailovna Plisetskaya, who became the embodiment of the very essence of ballet art for several generations of spectators from all over the world, its refined beauty and regalness, will now shine from heaven," Saint Petersburg's Mariinsky Theatre said in a statement.
"The epoch of Great Ballet Legends comes to an end," dancer Diana Vishneva wrote on Facebook.
Ballet legend Mikhail Baryshnikov called her "one of the greatest dancers of our time."
Among her most celebrated performances were her roles in Carmen Suite, Anna Karenina, Sleeping Beauty and Bolero, a hymn to eroticism, which she danced at the age of 50.
Her performance of the Dying Swan, famed for the fluidity of her movements, particularly her arms, became her calling card.
The muse of Yves Saint Laurent and Pierre Cardin was born to a Jewish family in Moscow on November 20, 1925. Her engineer father was shot under Stalin's regime for being the "enemy of the people" and her actress mother was accused of being a traitor and sent to a labour camp. Those experiences left an indelible impression on the ballerina who was famous for her directness and outspokenness. "She was indeed an 'inconvenient' person: she always said and danced what she thought and felt," the Bolshoi said in a statement, calling her a "symbol of resistance against narrow-mindedness and Soviet order in arts."
Plisetskaya was often dogged by controversy throughout her long career, sparking a scandal in 1967 with her sexually-charged performance of Carmen, written for her by the Cuban choreographer Alberto Alonso.
"Carmen - where every gesture, every look, every movement had meaning, was different from all other ballets" The Soviet Union was not ready for this sort of choreography," Plisetskaya said.
The dancer, who sacrificed motherhood for ballet, is survived by her composer husband Rodion Shchedrin.
The head of the Bolshoi Theatre Vladimir Urin expressed hope that the dancer would be buried in Russia.
Speaking in televised remarks, he said he had learnt of her passing from Shchedrin, who was her collaborator for many years and wrote the score to a number of her ballets.
"He could not talk really," he said.
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